Digital Mammography
Mammography
Mammography is the examination of the breast using low-dose x-rays. Two views are taken for each breast. Mammograms may be the conventional film-based type, which utilizes x-rays to produce an image of the breast on film, or digital type that also uses x-rays but captures the image on a computer, where it can be viewed and altered for optimal contrast. While finding no significant difference between the two techniques when applied to the general population and for most women over 50, studies have shown that digital mammograms detected more cancers in women under 50, women with increased breast density, and premenopausal women.
It is advisable to perform mammography soon after your menstrual cycle as this is known to minimize the discomfort that may occur. Application of deodorant/antiperspirant/talcum powder is to be avoided on the day of the study as the particulate matter in these products may alter the findings.
A screening mammogram (in women without symptoms) is performed to detect early breast cancer when it is completely treatable. It not only help save a life but also save breasts.
In symptomatic women, it is the imaging investigation of choice, especially if no screening mammography has been performed. In young symptomatic females, ultrasound is the first investigation of choice.
Breast Sonography
Breast Sonography
Ultrasound, also known as ultrasonography, is an imaging method in which high-frequency sound waves are used to create images of blood vessels, tissues, and organs including the breast. Breast ultrasound is often used to evaluate breast abnormalities that are found during mammography or a clinical breast exam. Women who have dense breasts on mammogram are also candidates for a correlative ultrasound.
There are no data to establish that annual screening with ultrasound (in women without symptoms) will reduce deaths from breast cancer and hence, screening with ultrasound is not backed with evidence
In young women, who have symptoms (pain/lump) related to the breast, ultrasound is the first imaging investigation to be performed. This may be followed up with a mammogram or breast MRI depending upon the sonography results.
No specific preparation is required for a breast ultrasound. It can be performed anytime during the menstrual cycle.