What is FNAC and biopsy?
FNAC (Fine Needle Aspiration Cytology) uses a very thin needle to draw out a small sample of cells or fluid from a lump. A core needle biopsy uses a slightly larger needle to remove a small piece of tissue. Both help find out exactly what a lump is made of. Dr. Chandak often uses ultrasound guidance to place the needle accurately.
Why is this test done?
To find out whether a lump, nodule, or swelling is harmless or needs further treatment. It is commonly used for:
- Breast lumps
- Thyroid nodules
- Enlarged lymph nodes
Important: most lumps that are biopsied turn out to be benign (non-cancerous). The test is done to confirm this and to guide the right next step either way.
How to prepare
Little to no preparation is needed. Tell the doctor about any blood-thinning medicines or bleeding disorders beforehand.
What happens during the procedure
Local anesthesia may be used to numb the area. Guided by ultrasound, the doctor inserts a thin needle into the lump to collect the sample. The procedure itself is quick, usually 10 to 20 minutes.
What happens after the procedure
Mild soreness or a small bruise at the site is common for a day or two. You can go home the same day. The sample is sent to a lab, and results typically take a few days.
Is this procedure safe?
Yes. Risks are minor and uncommon, including mild bruising, minor bleeding, or infrequently, infection at the needle site.
Frequently asked questions
Most patients feel a brief pinch, similar to a blood test, especially if local anesthesia is used.
FNAC uses a very thin needle to collect cells or fluid. A core biopsy uses a slightly larger needle to remove a small piece of tissue, which can give more detailed information in some cases.
Results are typically available within a few days, once the lab completes its examination.
No. Most lumps that are tested turn out to be benign (non-cancerous). Testing helps confirm this clearly, rather than assuming.